Urea

What it does

Urea is a naturally-occurring compound that acts as a powerful humectant, binding water to the stratum corneum to increase hydration. At higher concentrations (10%+), it also has mild keratolytic properties, helping to dissolve keratin and remove dead skin cells. It's often used in foot creams and intensive moisturizers for dry, rough skin.

Benefits

• Boosts skin hydration and moisture retention
• Gently exfoliates and softens calluses at higher concentrations
• Improves skin texture and smoothness
• Well-tolerated by most skin types
• Enhances penetration of other active ingredients

Who it suits

• Dry, dehydrated skin
• Rough, calloused areas
• Sensitive skin (at low concentrations)
• All skin types needing hydration

How to use

Apply products containing urea to clean, damp skin. For exfoliating foot creams (10-20% urea), apply to heels and callused areas; for hydrating serums/moisturizers (2-5% urea), apply to entire face or affected areas.

Pairs well with

Glycerin (enhanced humectancy), Lactic acid (complementary exfoliation), Ceramides (barrier support), Hyaluronic acid (hydration boost)

Be careful pairing with

None notable

Safety & cautions

Generally safe and gentle, but concentrations above 10% may cause mild irritation or stinging in sensitive individuals. Always patch test, especially at higher concentrations used for exfoliation.

Educational information, not medical advice. Concentration and formulation change how an ingredient behaves.